A relatively new class of anti-inflammatory drugs called COX-2 inhibitors may provide significant benefits in the treatment of OA. COX-2 is a protein in the body that assists in the production of substances that cause acute or chronic discomfort in the joints. COX-2 inhibitors block the creation of this protein, thus reducing inflammation in the joints. It should be noted that side effects involving irritation of the stomach can occur with NSAIDs and COX-2 inhibitors. Many people experience indigestion, burning, or ulcer formation; in rare cases, serious stomach problems, such as bleeding, can occur without warning. NSAIDs and COX-2 inhibitors should not be taken by people who are allergic to aspirin. Another type of medication prescribed to reduce severe pain and swelling are corticosteroids. Corticosteroid injections offer quick, effective pain relief. However, they can be used only a few times a year because they weaken bone and cartilage. Also, corti-costeroids can cause other potentially serious side effects; their use must be monitored by a physician. Physical Therapy Physical therapy can be helpful in the management of OA and RA. For example, a physical therapist may recommend: - Isometric ("pushing") exercises to help build muscle strength without subjecting inflamed joints to excessive wear
- Isotonic ("pulling") exercises to further increase muscle strength and help preserve function
- Daily walking, using a cane or other assistive device as needed
Joint Fluid Supplements For patients whose joint pain does not improve with medication or physical therapy, "joint grease" injections may provide temporary relief. The joint is injected with a joint fluid supplement that acts as a lubricant. Joint injection schedules and duration of relief vary according to the treatment chosen and the individual patient. However, these injections do not cure the diseased knee, and joint replacement may be needed as the joint worsens with time. |
